How to Get Rid of Eczema: Effective Treatments and Home Remedies

Eczema, also known as atopic dermatitis, is a common skin condition that can cause significant discomfort. Characterized by itchy, dry, and inflamed skin, eczema can appear anywhere on the body and affect people of all ages. While there isn’t a permanent cure for eczema, there are many effective ways to manage symptoms and reduce flare-ups. This guide will explore How To Get Rid Of Eczema flare-ups and manage the condition long-term, combining medical treatments with lifestyle adjustments and home remedies.

Understanding Eczema and Diagnosis

Before exploring how to get rid of eczema, it’s crucial to understand what it is and how it’s diagnosed. Eczema is a chronic condition that causes the skin to become red, itchy, and dry. It’s part of the “atopic triad,” which also includes asthma and hay fever, suggesting a link to allergies and an overactive immune system.

Diagnosis of eczema typically involves a visual examination by a healthcare provider. They will assess your skin and discuss your symptoms and medical history. Key diagnostic steps include:

Physical Exam: Your doctor will examine the affected skin areas, noting the appearance and distribution of the rash.
Symptom Review: Discussing your symptoms, such as when they started, what triggers them, and how often they occur.
Medical History: Reviewing your personal and family history of eczema, allergies, asthma, or hay fever.

In some cases, your doctor might recommend further tests to rule out other skin conditions or identify potential allergy triggers.

Patch Testing: To identify specific allergens that might be causing contact dermatitis, patch testing may be recommended. Small amounts of substances are applied to the skin under adhesive patches, and reactions are monitored over a few days.

Alt text: Patch testing procedure on a patient’s back to identify potential allergens causing dermatitis.

Medical Treatments: How to Get Rid of Eczema Flare-Ups Quickly

When eczema flares up, the primary goal is to reduce inflammation and relieve itching. Medical treatments are often necessary to get symptoms under control.

Topical Medications

Topical medications are applied directly to the skin and are often the first line of defense in managing eczema.

Corticosteroid Creams and Ointments: These are anti-inflammatory medications that reduce redness and itching. They come in various strengths, from mild over-the-counter options to stronger prescription formulas. Apply as directed by your healthcare provider, usually once or twice daily during flare-ups. Overuse can lead to side effects like skin thinning.
Calcineurin Inhibitors: For those over age 2, creams or ointments containing calcineurin inhibitors like tacrolimus (Protopic) and pimecrolimus (Elidel) can be effective. They work by suppressing the immune system’s response that leads to eczema. Apply before moisturizing and avoid excessive sun exposure while using these products.
Topical Phosphodiesterase-4 (PDE-4) Inhibitor: Crisaborole (Eucrisa) is a nonsteroidal cream that reduces inflammation and can be used for mild to moderate eczema in adults and children older than 2 years.

Systemic Medications

For severe eczema that doesn’t respond to topical treatments, systemic medications that work throughout the body may be necessary.

Oral Corticosteroids: Medications like prednisone can be prescribed for short periods to control severe flare-ups quickly. However, due to potential side effects, they are not suitable for long-term use.
Immunosuppressants: Drugs like cyclosporine, methotrexate, azathioprine, and mycophenolate can suppress the overactive immune system. These are used for severe eczema but require careful monitoring due to potential side effects and are not for long-term management.
Biologics: Injectable biologics such as dupilumab (Dupixent) and tralokinumab (Adbry) are approved for moderate to severe eczema. Dupilumab is for individuals over 6 years old, while tralokinumab is for adults. These medications target specific parts of the immune system and have shown to be effective in reducing eczema symptoms with fewer side effects than broad immunosuppressants.

Therapies for Severe Eczema

In addition to medications, certain therapies can help manage severe eczema.

Wet Dressings: This intensive treatment involves applying a topical corticosteroid and then wrapping the area with wet gauze, followed by a layer of dry gauze. It helps to hydrate the skin and enhance medication absorption. Often used for severe, widespread eczema and sometimes performed in a hospital setting initially.
Light Therapy (Phototherapy): For persistent eczema, light therapy using controlled amounts of ultraviolet (UV) light can reduce inflammation and itching. Types include UVB, UVA, and PUVA (psoralen plus UVA). While effective, long-term light therapy carries risks such as premature skin aging and increased skin cancer risk, making it less common in young children and infants.

Alt text: Light therapy session for a patient, using controlled ultraviolet light to treat a skin condition.

Lifestyle and Home Remedies: How to Get Rid of Eczema Naturally and Manage Symptoms Daily

Alongside medical treatments, lifestyle adjustments and home remedies play a significant role in managing eczema and preventing flare-ups. These self-care measures are crucial for daily eczema management.

Basic Skin Care Practices

Moisturize Regularly: Keeping the skin well-hydrated is paramount. Moisturize at least twice daily, especially after bathing, using thick creams or ointments that are fragrance-free, dye-free, and alcohol-free. Apply moisturizer within three minutes of bathing to lock in moisture. Consider using bath oils or shea butter for extra hydration.
Gentle Cleansing: Use mild, non-soap cleansers that are fragrance-free and designed for sensitive skin. Avoid harsh soaps that can strip the skin of its natural oils. Ensure to rinse off cleansers completely after washing.
Lukewarm Baths: Daily baths or showers in lukewarm water (not hot) can help hydrate the skin. Limit bath time to about 10 minutes. Adding colloidal oatmeal to the bath can soothe itchy skin. Pat skin dry gently after bathing, leaving it slightly damp before applying moisturizer.
Avoid Scratching: Resist the urge to scratch. Instead, press or pat the itchy area. Keep nails short and smooth to minimize damage from unintentional scratching. Consider covering itchy areas, especially at night, with gloves or socks on hands for children.

Environmental and Lifestyle Adjustments

Identify and Avoid Triggers: Eczema flare-ups can be triggered by various factors, including allergens, irritants, stress, and weather changes. Common irritants include certain soaps, detergents, fragrances, fabrics (like wool and synthetic materials), and dust mites. Keep a diary to help identify your specific triggers and try to avoid them.
Manage Stress: Stress can worsen eczema symptoms. Practice relaxation techniques, such as yoga, meditation, or deep breathing exercises, to manage stress levels. Counseling or therapy can also be helpful.
Use a Humidifier: Dry air can exacerbate eczema. Use a humidifier, especially during dry winter months, to add moisture to indoor air.
Wear Appropriate Clothing: Opt for soft, breathable fabrics like cotton. Avoid tight-fitting, rough, or scratchy clothing. In hot weather, choose loose, lightweight clothing to keep skin cool and dry. Wash new clothes before wearing and use mild, fragrance-free laundry detergents, avoiding fabric softeners.
Bleach Baths: For recurrent infections or severe eczema, diluted bleach baths can help reduce bacteria on the skin. Add 1/2 cup of household bleach (not concentrated) to a full bathtub of lukewarm water. Soak for 5-10 minutes, 2-3 times a week. Rinse with clean water afterward and moisturize. Consult with your healthcare provider before starting bleach baths.

Alt text: Mother applying cream to baby’s skin to treat eczema, highlighting the importance of moisturizing for infant eczema.

Alternative and Complementary Therapies

Some people find relief from eczema symptoms through alternative therapies. Always discuss these with your healthcare provider before trying them.

Cannabinoids: Topical creams containing cannabinoids have shown promise in reducing itching and skin thickening in some studies.
Natural Oils: Adding certain natural oils like soybean oil or mineral oil to bathwater may help improve dry skin. Be cautious as oils can make the tub slippery.
Manuka Honey: Applied topically, manuka honey has antimicrobial properties and may help calm eczema reactions. Avoid using in children under one year old due to the risk of botulism.
Acupuncture and Acupressure: Some studies suggest that acupuncture and acupressure may help reduce eczema-related itching.

Eczema in Babies: Specific Considerations

Eczema is common in babies. Managing baby eczema requires extra care and gentleness.

Identify and Avoid Irritants: Baby skin is particularly sensitive. Identify and avoid potential irritants like certain baby wipes, soaps, detergents, and fabrics.
Short, Warm Baths: Give your baby short baths in warm water and apply a moisturizer or ointment immediately after, while the skin is still damp.
Prescription Medications: If home care measures aren’t enough, a healthcare provider may prescribe topical medications to control the rash or treat infections. Oral antihistamines might be recommended to reduce itching, especially at night, but be aware of potential drowsiness, which can affect daytime activity.

Coping and Support

Living with eczema can be challenging, both physically and emotionally.

Seek Support: If you feel overwhelmed, frustrated, or self-conscious due to eczema, consider talking to a therapist, counselor, or support group. Sharing experiences with others who understand eczema can be incredibly helpful.
Educate Yourself and Others: Understanding eczema and its management can empower you. Educating family members and friends can also increase their understanding and support.

Preparing for Medical Appointments

When seeking medical advice for eczema, being prepared for your appointment can help ensure you get the most out of your visit.

Symptom Diary: Keep a record of your symptoms, when they occur, and potential triggers.
Medication List: Bring a list of all medications, including over-the-counter drugs, supplements, and herbal remedies.
Questions to Ask: Prepare a list of questions for your healthcare provider, such as treatment options, potential causes, and self-care strategies.

By combining medical treatments with consistent self-care practices and lifestyle adjustments, managing eczema and reducing flare-ups is achievable. Learning how to get rid of eczema symptoms effectively involves a comprehensive approach tailored to your individual needs and triggers. Always consult with a healthcare professional to develop the best eczema management plan for you or your child.