When considering the age of the United States, it’s natural to think about pivotal moments like the Declaration of Independence in 1776. However, another compelling way to understand the nation’s enduring history is by exploring its institutions, particularly those with deep roots. One such institution is the United States Army, and within its ranks, the 3d U.S. Infantry Regiment, known as “The Old Guard,” stands as a remarkable testament to time. Established in 1784, “The Old Guard” isn’t just an infantry unit; it’s a living chronicle of American history, embodying the nation’s evolution through its unwavering service.
“The Old Guard” holds the distinction of being the oldest active-duty infantry unit in the Army, a lineage that stretches back to the early days of the republic. Imagine soldiers serving under its banner who could trace their unit’s origins to a time when the United States was still in its infancy. This regiment has been a steadfast presence through every major chapter of American history, from the nation’s westward expansion to global conflicts.
Its official designation, the 3d U.S. Infantry Regiment, is often overshadowed by its revered nickname, “The Old Guard.” This moniker was bestowed upon them by General Winfield Scott during a triumphant parade in Mexico City in 1847, following their courageous actions in the Mexican War. This name isn’t merely a symbolic gesture; it reflects the unit’s seasoned experience and venerable history, a “guard” standing watch over the nation’s values and security for generations. The 50 campaign streamers adorning their colors are a visual representation of this extensive service, each streamer a chapter in the ongoing narrative of the United States Army and, by extension, the nation itself. These streamers tell a story of commitment spanning from the Battle of Fallen Timbers in the late 18th century to the battlefields of World War II and Vietnam.
Since the aftermath of World War II, “The Old Guard” has taken on an additional, highly visible role as the official Army Honor Guard and Escort to the President. In this capacity, the soldiers of “The Old Guard” are the face of the Army in countless national ceremonies. They conduct military honors at the White House, the Pentagon, and national memorials throughout the capital, representing the dignity and professionalism of the U.S. Army on a national and international stage. Perhaps one of their most solemn and continuous duties is maintaining a 24-hour vigil at the Tomb of the Unknowns in Arlington National Cemetery. This duty, performed with unwavering precision and respect, symbolizes the nation’s commitment to honoring its fallen and remembering the sacrifices made in defense of freedom. Furthermore, they provide military funeral escorts at Arlington National Cemetery, ensuring that every service member is laid to rest with the highest honors. Their participation in parades at Fort Myer and Fort Lesley J. McNair further connects them to the public, showcasing military tradition and discipline.
A distinctive feature of “The Old Guard” uniform is the black-and-tan “buff strap” worn on the left shoulder. This isn’t just a decorative element; it’s a direct link to the unit’s 19th-century predecessors. These early soldiers used similar straps to display their unit colors, distinguishing themselves on the battlefield. Today, the buff strap serves as a constant reminder of this heritage, symbolizing an Old Guard soldier’s pride in their appearance and the meticulous performance that has defined the unit for over two centuries. It’s a tangible connection to the long and storied past of the regiment and the Army.
Another unique tradition upheld by “The Old Guard” is the time-honored custom of passing in review with fixed bayonets at all parades. This practice, officially sanctioned in 1922, is a direct echo of the Mexican War and the 3d U.S. Infantry Regiment’s successful bayonet charge at Cerro Gordo in 1847. This tradition is a powerful symbol of the unit’s combat history and readiness, a visual reminder of their legacy of valor. Remarkably, this distinction remains exclusively reserved for “The Old Guard,” highlighting their unique place within the U.S. Army.
The 1st and 4th Battalions of the 3d US Infantry Regiment continue this legacy, conducting memorial affairs, ceremonies, and special events that represent the Army to the nation and the world. Their mission extends beyond ceremonial duties, as they are also prepared to provide defense support to civil authorities in the National Capital Region when needed, reinforcing their role as protectors of the nation’s capital. Even the Caisson Detachment, a more recently formalized element of “The Old Guard,” is deeply involved in honoring the fallen at Arlington National Cemetery, further solidifying the regiment’s commitment to remembrance and respect.
Exploring the history of “The Old Guard” offers a unique perspective on the age of the United States. While the nation’s founding is marked by specific dates, the ongoing story of America is reflected in the enduring institutions that have shaped its trajectory. “The Old Guard,” with its continuous service since 1784, serves as a powerful symbol of this longevity. It’s a living link to the early days of the republic, a unit that has witnessed and participated in the unfolding history of the United States, making it a truly invaluable part of the nation’s heritage. To delve deeper into their history is to gain a richer appreciation for the enduring strength and traditions of the United States Army and the nation it serves.
