Diarrhea, characterized by loose and watery stools, can disrupt your day and cause significant discomfort. Fortunately, for adults experiencing acute diarrhea, there are several effective methods to find fast relief and get back on track. This article explores practical strategies, from over-the-counter medications to simple home remedies, to help you stop diarrhea quickly.
Over-the-Counter Anti-Diarrheal Medications
For many adults, the quickest and most convenient way to manage acute diarrhea is with over-the-counter (OTC) medications. These medications are readily available at most pharmacies and can provide rapid relief. Two common types include:
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Loperamide (Imodium): Loperamide works by slowing down the movement of fluids through the intestines. This allows the body to absorb more water, leading to firmer stools and a reduction in the frequency of bowel movements. It’s particularly effective for diarrhea that is not accompanied by fever or bloody stools.
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Bismuth subsalicylate (Pepto-Bismol): This medication has multiple actions. It can help to soothe the irritation in the gastrointestinal tract and also has mild antibacterial properties, which can be beneficial if bacteria are contributing to the diarrhea. Bismuth subsalicylate can be helpful for traveler’s diarrhea and upset stomach in addition to diarrhea.
It’s important to note that while these medications can provide fast relief, they are not recommended if your diarrhea is accompanied by a fever, signs of infection such as nausea or vomiting, or bloody stools. These symptoms could indicate a more serious condition that requires different treatment.
A person choosing bland foods like bananas, part of the BRAT diet, to help stop diarrhea.
Prescription Antibiotics for Bacterial Infections
In some cases, diarrhea is caused by a bacterial infection in the gastrointestinal (GI) tract. This can happen from consuming contaminated food or water. Common bacteria that lead to diarrhea include Campylobacter, Escherichia coli (E. coli), Salmonella, and Shigella. If your doctor suspects a bacterial infection, they may prescribe antibiotics to eliminate the bacteria and resolve the diarrhea. Antibiotics are not effective against viral diarrhea, and it’s crucial to use them only when prescribed by a healthcare professional to prevent antibiotic resistance and ensure appropriate treatment.
Dietary Adjustments to Soothe Your System
Making changes to your diet can significantly aid in managing diarrhea and preventing further irritation of your digestive system. A helpful approach is to follow the BRAT diet, which includes:
- Bananas: Easy to digest and contain potassium, which is often lost during diarrhea.
- Rice (white): Bland and helps to bind the stool.
- Applesauce: Provides pectin, which can help to firm up stools.
- Toast (white): Simple and easy on the stomach.
Beyond the BRAT diet, other bland foods are beneficial, such as boiled potatoes, plain crackers, and clear broths. It’s also important to avoid foods that can worsen diarrhea, including:
- Dairy products: Lactose intolerance can be exacerbated during diarrhea.
- Fatty or fried foods: Difficult to digest and can stimulate bowel movements.
- Spicy foods: Irritate the digestive system.
- Sugary foods and drinks: Can draw water into the intestines, worsening diarrhea.
- Caffeine and alcohol: Can dehydrate you and irritate the GI tract.
Hydration: Replenishing Lost Fluids and Electrolytes
Diarrhea leads to a significant loss of fluids and electrolytes, which can quickly result in dehydration. Dehydration can cause symptoms like decreased urination, increased thirst, dizziness, and confusion, and can be dangerous if left unaddressed. To prevent dehydration, it’s crucial to replenish lost fluids and electrolytes by:
- Drinking plenty of clear fluids: Water is essential, but also include broths, clear soups, and oral rehydration solutions (ORS). ORS are specifically designed to replace electrolytes lost during diarrhea and are particularly beneficial.
- Consuming fruit juices and sports drinks in moderation: These can help replenish potassium and electrolytes, but be mindful of their sugar content, as excessive sugar can worsen diarrhea in some individuals. Diluting fruit juices can be helpful.
- Sipping fluids throughout the day: Don’t wait until you feel thirsty to drink. Aim to drink at least one cup of fluid after each loose bowel movement.
Supplements That May Offer Relief
Certain supplements may help alleviate diarrhea symptoms. Some options to consider include:
- Psyllium husk: While often used for constipation, psyllium husk can also help with diarrhea by absorbing excess water in the intestines and adding bulk to the stool.
- Pectin: Found in applesauce and available as a supplement, pectin can help to solidify stools.
- Probiotics: These beneficial bacteria can help restore the balance of gut flora, which may be disrupted during diarrhea. Probiotics may reduce the severity and duration of diarrhea, particularly diarrhea associated with antibiotics. If you are taking antibiotics, it’s advisable to consult your doctor before starting probiotics.
Conclusion: Taking Action Against Diarrhea
Experiencing diarrhea can be uncomfortable, but by using these strategies, you can effectively manage symptoms and find fast relief. Over-the-counter medications, dietary adjustments, hydration, and specific supplements can all play a role in stopping diarrhea quickly. If your diarrhea persists for more than two days, is severe, or is accompanied by fever, bloody stools, or severe abdominal pain, it’s important to seek medical advice to rule out any underlying conditions and receive appropriate treatment.
